Study: Limiting protein intake may reduce the risk of chronic diseases

Impact on metabolism and longevity

A new scientific study, based on an analysis of over 300 studies, shows that limiting protein intake may be beneficial for preventing age-related diseases. According to researchers from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the USA, lower protein intake may reduce the risk of diabetes, certain types of cancer, and other age-related diseases.

The study's lead, Dudley Lamming, notes that while high protein intake is necessary for building muscle mass and recovery after exertion, most people with a sedentary lifestyle consume significantly more protein than their bodies require.

Mechanisms of action: Hormones and autophagy

According to the study's authors, a lower protein diet improves metabolism, reduces fat tissue, increases energy expenditure, and supports blood sugar control. These effects are due to the increased levels of the hormone FGF21, which stimulates more efficient energy burning.

Another key factor is the activation of the autophagy process—a natural mechanism in which the body breaks down and removes damaged cellular structures. This helps maintain cells in a younger state and can slow down the aging process.

Recommendations and individual limitations

Researchers emphasize that limiting protein is not suitable for all groups of people. It is not recommended for pregnant women, growing children, elderly people at risk of muscle mass loss, as well as people recovering from severe injuries or surgeries.

Although the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend a daily intake of about 0.83 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight, scientists believe that future guidelines should be more individualized. They should take into account not only age but also the specific level of physical activity of each individual.